Type 1 diabetes

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Endocrine glands	Insulin pump	Insulin pump	Insulin test
Monitor blood glucose - series	Type I diabetes

AFTER the symptoms go away, more substantial food can be eaten. Eat simple sugar first to get the situation under control. Even if you or your child is hungry, "real" food should not be eaten until the sugar level comes up - real food won't produce enough sugar and takes too long to digest.

If you are a parent, relative, or friend of someone experiencing these symptoms, monitor the person closely. If symptoms become worse -- confusion, seizures, or unconsciousness -- give the person a shot of glucagon. If you don't have glucagon, call 911 immediately.

You should have some glucagon stored for emergencies. Make sure everyone in your home, as well as babysitters and caregivers, knows how to use it. Periodically remind everyone how to use it, and check the expiration date.

Don't panic. Glucagon works very fast -- usually within 15 minutes. Lay the person on the side to prevent choking. If the person is not better in 15 minutes, call 911.

TREATING HIGH KETONES

When there is not enough insulin to move glucose into cells, glucose can build up in the blood. The body then looks for other forms of energy and uses fat as a fuel source. As fats are broken down, acids called ketones build up in the blood and urine. In high levels, ketones are poisonous. This condition is known as ketoacidosis.

You can check for ketones using a simple urine test available at pharmacies. This test should be done every 4-6 hours anytime a person with diabetes has a blood sugar above 240 or if they are sick, unusually thirsty, has a dry mouth, frequent urination, or vomiting.

The warning signs that ketoacidosis is getting serious might include flushed face, dry skin and mouth, nausea or vomiting, stomach pain, deep, rapid breathing, or fruity breath odor.

If these symptoms occur, call the doctor or go to the emergency room right away. If left untreated, this condition will lead to coma and even death.

MONITORING

Visit your health care provider or diabetes educator at least four times a year. Have your glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) regularly checked. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels should be checked yearly, along with kidney function.