Diabetic ketoacidosis

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Food and insulin release

DKA; Ketoacidosis; Diabetic coma

• Frequent urination or frequent thirst for a day or more
• Fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting
• Muscular stiffness or aching
• Mental stupor that may progress to coma
• Rapid breathing
• Fruity breath (breath odor)

• Headache
• Decreased consciousness
• Breathing difficulty while lying down
• Low blood pressure
• Decreased appetite
• Abdominal pain

• Low blood pressure
• Rapid heart rate
• Signs of dehydration
• High blood glucose (above 300 mg/dL)
• Presence of glucose and ketones in urine by home or office testing
• Serum potassium (may be elevated)
• Serum amylase (may be elevated)
• Arterial blood gas (reveals pH of less than 7.3)

• Urine pH
• Sodium - urine
• Serum sodium
• Potassium - urine
• Serum phosphorus
• Serum magnesium
• CSF collection
• CO2

Review Date: 08/08/2006
Reviewed By: Robert Hurd, MD, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network