Reflux nephropathy

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Female urinary tract

Male urinary tract

Vesicoureteral reflux

Voiding cystourethrogram

About 4 out of 1,000 people with no symptoms have reflux nephropathy, while up to 50% of infants and children with urinary tract infections have it. Reflux nephropathy may lead to chronic kidney failure and end-stage renal (kidney) disease.

There may be no symptoms if only one kidney is affected or symptoms may be those of a urinary tract infection,nephrotic syndrome, or chronic kidney failure.

The risk factors include a personal or family history of reflux, congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract, and recurrent urinary tract infections.

Review Date: 09/13/2005
Reviewed By: Robert Mushnick, M.D., Clinical Assistant Professor, SUNY Downstate Health Center, Brooklyn, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.