Bladder cancer

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Cystoscopy

Female urinary tract

Male urinary tract

• Stage 0 -- Non-invasive tumors limited to the bladder lining
• Stage I -- Tumor extends through the lining, but does not extend into the muscle layer
• Stage II -- Tumor invades the muscle layer
• Stage III -- Tumor extends past the muscle layer into tissue surrounding the bladder
• Stage IV -- Cancer has spread to regional lymph nodes or to distant sites (metastatic disease)

Bladder cancer spreads by extending into the nearby organs, including the prostate, uterus, vagina, ureters, and rectum. It can also spread to the pelvic lymph nodes or to other parts of the body, such as the liver, lungs and bones.

Review Date: 12/01/2005
Reviewed By: Rita Nanda, M.D., Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.