End-stage kidney disease

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Kidney anatomy

Renal failure - end stage; Kidney failure - end stage; ESRD

• Unintentional weight loss
• Nausea or vomiting
• General ill feeling
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Frequent hiccups
• Generalized itching
• Greatly decreased urine output
• No urine output
• Easy bruising or bleeding
• May have blood in the vomit or stools
• Decreased alertness
  • drowsiness , somnolence , lethargy
  • confusion , delirium
  • coma
• Muscle twitching or cramps
• Seizures
• Increased skin pigmentation
• Skin may appear yellow or brown
• Nail abnormalities
• Decreased sensation in the hands, feet, or other areas

The patient usually has a long history of chronic kidney failure, which has progressed. The person may have required dialysis to control chronic renal failure. The urine volume may decrease or urine production may stop totally. Signs of complications commonly are present.

• Creatinine and BUN levels are chronically high.
• Creatinine clearance is very low.

Review Date: 09/13/2005
Reviewed By: Robert Mushnick, M.D., Clinical Assistant Professor, SUNY Downstate Health Center, Brooklyn, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.