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AIDS	Antibodies	Canker sore (aphthous ulcer)	Dermatitis, seborrheic - close-up
Dermatitis, seborrheic on the face	Herpes zoster (shingles), disseminated	Histoplasmosis, disseminated in HIV patient	HIV
Kaposi's sarcoma - close-up	Kaposi's sarcoma - lesion on the foot	Kaposi's sarcoma on the back	Kaposi's sarcoma on the thigh
Kaposi's sarcoma - perianal	Molluscum contagiosum on the face	Molluscum on the chest	Mycobacterium marinum infection on the hand
Primary HIV infection	STDs and ecological niches	Tuberculosis in the lung

CD4 count below 200 cells/ml

• Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, "PCP pneumonia," now called Pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia
• Candida esophagitis -- painful yeast infection of the esophagus
• Bacillary angiomatosis -- Skin lesions caused by a bacteria called Bartonella, which is usually acquired from cat scratches

CD4 count below 100 cells/ml

• Cryptococcal meningitis -- infection of the lining of the brain by a yeast
• AIDS dementia -- worsening and slowing of mental function, caused by HIV itself
• Toxoplasmosis encephalitis -- infection of the brain by a parasite, which is frequently found in cat feces; causes discrete lesions in the brain
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy -- a viral disease of the brain caused by a virus (called the JC virus) that results in a severe decline in cognitive and motor functions
• Wasting syndrome -- extreme weight loss and loss of appetite, caused by HIV
• Cryptosporidium diarrhea -- Extreme diarrhea caused by one of several related parasites

CD4 count below 50/ml

• Mycobacterium avium -- a blood infection by a bacterium related to tuberculosis
• Cytomegalovirus infection -- a viral infection that can affect almost any organ system, especially the large bowel and the eyes

In addition to the CD4 count, HIV RNA load, and basic screening lab tests, regular vaginal Pap smears are important to monitor in HIV infection, due to the increased risk of cervical cancer in immunocompromised patients. . Anal Pap smears to detect potential cancers may also be important in both HIV infected men and women.

Review Date: 05/26/2006
Reviewed By: Monica Gandhi MD, MPH, Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.