Bleeding gums

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Gingivitis

Tooth anatomy

Bleeding from the gums is mainly due to inadequate plaque removal from the teeth at the gum line. This will lead to a condition called gingivitis, or inflamed gums. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and dental appointments, it will harden into what is known as tartar. Ultimately, this will lead to increased bleeding and a more advanced form of gum and jawbone disease known as periodontitis.

Gums - bleeding

It is important to follow the instructions from your dentist in order to maintain healthy gums. Improper brushing and flossing technique may actually irritate or traumatize the gum tissue. If gum bleeding persists, it may be a sign of serious medical disorders such as leukemia, bleeding disorders, platelet disorders, or overmedication with anticoagulants ("blood thinners"), such as Coumadin.

• Gingivitis from inadequate plaque removal
• Periodontitis (advanced form of gingivitis)
• Anticoagulants such as Coumadin (warfarin) and heparin
• Toothbrush abrasion, improper flossing
• Infection, which can be either tooth or gum-related
• Scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency)
• Vitamin K deficiency
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy
• Chemical irritants such as aspirin
• Leukemia
• Placement of new dentures can lead to denture sores/irritations
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Review Date: 08/12/2005
Reviewed By: Johanna Jacobs, D.D.S., General and Cosmetic Dentistry, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.