Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

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Conduction system of the heart

Heart, front view

Heart, section through the middle

Normal heart rhythm

People who may receive an ICD include those who have:

• Survived a cardiac arrest due to VF
• Life-threatening episodes of VT
• Survived a heart attack, but whose heart remains weak
• Problems with the heart muscle, including dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, especially when unexplained fainting episodes have occurred
• Reduced pumping function of the heart

Occasionally, an electrophysiological study (EPS) is needed to make sure you can have or need an ICD implanted.

What to expect after ICD implantation

Persons who have an ICD implanted rarely stay in the hospital longer than 1 day. Patients quickly return to their normal activity level. Full recovery occurs in about 4 to 6 weeks.

When you leave the hospital, you will be given a card to keep in your wallet. This card lists the details of your ICD and has contact information for emergencies. You should always carry this wallet card with you.

You will need to make regular visits to the doctor so the ICD can be monitored. The doctor will check to see if the device is properly sensing the heartbeat, how many shocks have been delivered, and how much power is left in the batteries. The ICD batteries are designed to last 5 to 8 years. When they are about to run down, the ICD generator must be replaced. This requires minor surgery.

The ICD generator is metal and will be detected by metal detectors such as those in airports or public places with safety checks. For air travel, public events, and admission to certain areas you will need to show your wallet card to the security personnel to prevent setting off any alarms.

People with ICDs need to follow their doctor's advice about medication, diet, and exercise.

Benefits of the ICD

Among patients considered good candidates for an ICD, the ICD has shown to prolong life by preventing sudden death. The device provides peace of mind, relieving concerns about fainting spells and risks of death. Most patients adapt to the uncertainty of the shocks. Most patients also can resume driving.