Avian influenza

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Bird flu; H5N1

Symptoms of avian flu infection in humans depend on the particular strain of virus. In case of the H5N1 virus, infection in humans causes more classic flu-like symptoms, which might include:

• Cough (dry or productive)
• Sore throat  
• Fever  > 100.4°F (38°C)
• Difficulty breathing
• Diarrhea
• Runny nose
• Headache
• Malaise
• Muscle aches

If you think you have been exposed to avian influenza, call your health care provider before your visit. This will give the staff a chance to take proper precautions that will protect them and other patients.

In February 2006, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration approved a new, faster test for diagnosing strains of bird flu in people suspected of having the virus. The test is called the Influenza A/H5 (Asian lineage) Virus Real-time RT-PCR Primer and Probe Set. The test gives preliminary results within 4 hours. Older tests required 2 to 3 days.

Your doctor might also perform the following tests:

• Chest x-ray  
• Nasopharyngeal culture  
• Blood differential
• Auscultation (to detect abnormal breath sounds )

Other tests may be done to look at the functions of your heart, kidneys, and liver.

Review Date: 02/08/2006
Reviewed By: Cyrus Badshah, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University; Assistant Attending Physician, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Harlem Hospital Center. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.