Encephalitis: Viral - Prevention

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Other Insect Repellent Products. In 2005, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) added two new mosquito repellents to its list of recommended products: Picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus.

Picaridin, also known as KBR 3023 or Bayrepel, is an ingredient that has been used for many years in repellents sold in Europe, Latin America, and Asia. A product containing 7% picaridin is now available in the United States. Picaridin can safely be applied to young children and is also safe for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. According to the CDC, insect repellents containing DEET or picaridin work better than other products.

In scientific tests, oil of lemon eucalyptus, also known as PMD, worked as well as low concentrations of DEET. However, oil of lemon eucalyptus is not recommended for children under the age of 3 years.

Permethrin for Clothing and Surfaces

Permethrin is an insect repellent used as a spray for clothing and bed nets, which can repel insects for weeks when applied correctly. Electric vaporizing mats containing permethrin may be very helpful. A permethrin solution is also available for soaking items, but should never be applied to the skin. Side effects from direct exposure may include mild burning, stinging, itching, and rash, but in general, permethrin is very safe and its use may even reduce child mortality rates from malaria. People allergic to chrysanthemum flowers or who are allergic to head-lice scabicides should avoid using permethrin.

Controlling Mosquitos Around the House

Eliminate Sources of Standing Water. Currently, the only proven method for reducing mosquito populations is to eliminate sources of standing water.

• Look for any source of standing water, where mosquitoes can breed. For example, discard any rubbish with standing water, such as old tires, cans, and bottles. (Even bottle caps can breed mosquitoes. Turn over wading pools and wheelbarrows when not in use. Change bird bath water every 3 - 4 days. A product called Mosquito Dunk can be used to prevent breeding in standing water.
• Swimming pools and hot tubs should be clean and chlorinated or drained and covered if not in use.
• Clean vegetation and debris from the edges of ponds.
• Gutters should be kept unclogged.